Scientific background: |
Stat3(Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), also called APRF, is a transcription
factor which in humans is encoded by theSTAT3 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member
of the STAT protein family. The Stat3 gene is mapped on 17q21.2. Binding of IL5 to its specific receptor
activates JAK2 which leads to the tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3 proteins. Coexpression
of STAT3-beta inhibits the transactivation potential of STAT3. STAT3 mediates the expression of a
variety of genes in response to cell stimuli, and thus plays a key role in many cellular processes such
as cell growth and apoptosis. The transcriptional coactivator p300 interacted physically with STAT3 at
its amino terminus in a cytokine stimulation-independent manner, and with SMAD1 at its carboxyl
terminus in a cytokine stimulation-dependent manner. In many human cancers and transformed cell
lines, STAT3 is persistently activated, and in cell culture, active STAT3 is either required for
transformation, enhances transformation, or blocks apoptosis. Mitochondrial STAT3 sustained altered
glycolytic and oxidative phosphorylation activities characteristic of cancer cells. |
References: |
1. Akira, S., Nishio, Y., Inoue, M., Wang, X.-J., Wei, S., Matsusaka, T., Yoshida, K., Sudo, T., Naruto,
M., Kishimoto, T. Molecular cloning of APRF, a novel IFN-stimulated gene factor 3 p91-related
transcription factor involved in the gp130-mediated signaling pathway. Cell 77: 63-71, 1994.
2. Bhattacharya, S., Schindler, C. Regulation of Stat3 nuclear export. J. Clin. Invest. 111: 553-559,
2003.
3. Bong, Y.-S., Lee, H.-S., Carim-Todd, L., Mood, K., Nishanian, T. G., Tessarollo, L., Daar, I.
O. ephrinB1 signals from the cell surface to the nucleus by recruitment of STAT3. Proc. Nat. Acad.
Sci. 104: 17305-17310, 2007. |