Scientific background: |
CXCL4, Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 4, is a 70-amino acid protein that is released from the alpha-granules of activated platelets and binds with high affinity to heparin. CXCL4 belongs to the CXC chemokine family. The CXCL4 gene contains 3 exons spanning approximately 1 kb. The gene is encoded on a 10-kb EcoRI fragment of genomic DNA. By in situ hybridization, the CXCL4 gene is mapped to chromosome 4q12-q21. Its major physiologic role appears to be neutralization of heparin-like molecules on the endothelial surface of blood vessels, thereby inhibiting local antithrombin III activity and promoting coagulation. As a strong chemoattractant for neutrophils and fibroblasts, PF4 probably has a role in inflammation and wound repair. |
References: |
1. Eisman, R., Surrey, S., Ramachandran, B., Schwartz, E., Poncz, M. Structural and functional comparison of the genes for human platelet factor 4 and PF4-alt. Blood 76: 336-344, 1990.
2. Griffin, C. A., Emanuel, B. S., LaRocco, P., Schwartz, E., Poncz, M. Human platelet factor 4 gene is mapped to 4q12-q21. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 45: 67-69, 1987.
3. Lambert, M. P., Rauova, L., Bailey, M., Sola-Visner, M. C., Kowalska, M. A., Poncz, M. Platelet factor 4 is a negative autocrine in vivo regulator of megakaryopoiesis: clinical and therapeutic implications. Blood 110: 1153-1160, 2007.
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