Haplotoxin-2 is isolated from the Haplopelma Lividum spider venom and is a synthetic version of the peptide.
Haplotoxin-2 inhibits voltage-gated rat NaV1.3 Na+ channels.
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC, NaV) play a critical role in excitability of nociceptors (pain-sensing neurons). The peripheral-specific sodium channels NaV1.7, NaV1.8 and NaV1.9 are particularly important in the pathophysiology of different pain syndromes and hence, thought to be potential targets for pain therapeutics.
The expression and functional properties of NaV channels in peripheral sensory neurons can be dynamically regulated following axonal injury or peripheral inflammation.
Haplotoxin-2 shows high homology to Huwentoxin-I (78%), Hainantoxin-3 (#STH-120) (76%) and Phrixotoxin-3 (#P-720) (65%).
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