RPS6KB1 encodes a member of the ribosomal S6 kinase family of serine/threonine kinases. Ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 responds to mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling to promote protein synthesis, cell growth, and cell proliferation. Activity of RPS6KB1 has been associated with human cancer. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed. The use of alternative translation start sites results in isoforms with longer or shorter N-termini which may differ in their subcellular localizations. There are two pseudogenes for RPS6KB1 on chromosome 17.