Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. This structure consists of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a nucleosome, an octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. HIST1H3A is intronless and encodes a replication-dependent histone that is a member of the histone H3 family. Transcripts from HIST1H3A lack polyA tails; instead, they contain a palindromic termination element. HIST1H3A is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome 6p22-p21.3.
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