Synapsin I plays a key role in synaptic plasticity in brain. This effect is due in large part to the ability of the synapsins to regulate the availability of synaptic vesicles for release. In addition to its role in plasticity, the e, Xenopus/Amphibian,pression of synapsin I is a precise indicator of synapse formation. Thus, synapsin I immunocytochemistry provides a valuable tool for the study of synaptogenesis. The role of synapsin in synaptic plasticity and in synaptogensis is regulated by phosphorylation. Serine 9 is the site on synapsin I that is phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase and by calcium calmodulin kinase I. Phosphorylation of this site is thought to regulate synaptic vesicle function and neurite outgrowth.