Recombinant Human TGF-beta1 (carrier-free)

TGF-beta1 is synthesized in cells as a 390-amino acid. Furin cleaves the protein at residue 278, yielding an N-terminal cleavage product which corresponds to the latency-associated peptide (LAP), and the 25-kD C-terminal portion of the precursor constitutes the mature TGF-beta1. TGF-beta activators can release TGF-beta from LAP. These activators include proteases that degrade LAP, thrombospondin-1, reactive oxygen species, and integrins avb6 and avb8. Mouse TGF-beta converts naïve T cells into regulatory T (Treg) cells that prevent autoimmunity. Although human TGF-beta1 is widely used for inducing FOXP3+ in vitro, it might not be an essential factor for human Treg differentiation. Th17 murine can be induced from naïve CD4+ T cells by the combination of TGF-beta1 and IL-6 or IL-21. Nevertheless, the regulation of human Th17 differentiation is distinct. TGF-beta1 seems to have dual effects on human Th17 differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. While TGF-beta1 is required for the expression of RORgammat, in human naive CD4+ T cells from cord blood, TGF-beta1 can inhibit the function of RORgammat at high doses. By using serum-free medium, it has been clarified that the optimum conditions for human Th17 differentiation areTGF-beta1, IL-1beta, and IL-2 in combination with IL-6, IL-21 or IL-23.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

580702

Size

10 microg

Gene Id

7040

Storage Temp

-20 C or -70 C

Shipping Temp

Blue Ice

Storage Buffer

Unopened vial can be stored at 4C for three months or -20 to -70C for six months. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. Stock solutions should be prepared at no less than 10 microg/mL in buffer containing carrier protein such as 1% BSA or HSA or 10% FBS. For long term-storage, aliquot into polypropylene vials and store in a manual defrost freezer. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.

Alternative Names

Transforming growth factor beta 1

Regulatory Status

RUO