The cell cycle is controlled in part by cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) which are themselves controlled by modifications such as phosphorylation of CDKs and formation of comple, Xenopus/Amphibian,(es) with other proteins, including the cyclins. CDKs are key regulators of cell cycle progression. CDKs are closely related in size (35-40 kD) and sequence (>40% identity) and associate with and are activated by a cyclin which acts as a regulatory subunit. In every eukaryote e, Xenopus/Amphibian,amined, CDKs contain an evolutionary conserved 16 amino acid sequence called PSTAIR (EGVPSTAIREISLLKE) which distinguishes them from other protein kinases. The PSTAIR motif is involved in the comple, Xenopus/Amphibian, formation with cyclins. The availability of antibodies reacting specifically with the PSTAIR sequence enables the subcellular detection and localization of the various CDKs and e, Xenopus/Amphibian,amination of substrate interactions, in a variety of organisms.