Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a highly potent hallucinogenic drug (10). It was first synthesized in 1938 from lysergic acid which was derived from ergot, a fungus found growing wild on rye and other grasses (11, 12). In the 1950s and 1960s it was used in the United States and United Kingdom on mentally ill patients and also unsuccessfully by the US military as a 'truth drug'. By the 1960s LSD was being abused so much that it was made illegal in the UK in 1966 with medical use also being stopped and prohibited by the Misuse of Drugs Act when it came into force in 1973 (12). The effects of LSD are unpredictable. Large doses can cause delusions and visual hallucinations with many users suffering anxiety and depression for a variable period after use with flashbacks occurring more than a year after the last dose (10, 11) LSD is not considered an addictive drug but it does produce tolerance, which means users who take the drug repeatedly must take progressively higher doses. This is extremely dangerous due to the unpredictability of the drug (10). Although LSD use has varied over the years it is still a significant drug of abuse. A sensitive method of detection of LSD in body fluids of users is required as the typical dose is very small and the metabolism rapid and extensive (13, 14).
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