IL-4 is a 129 amino acids long secreted protein. IL-4 is a cytokine produced mostly by activated T lymphocytes, mast cells and basophils. It has variety of immune response modulating functions by acting on number of cell types. IL-4 participates in several B-cell activation processes. It is a co-stimulator of DNA-synthesis. It induces the expression of class II MHC molecules on resting B-cells. It enhances both secretion and cell surface expression of IgE and IgG1. It also regulates the expression of the low affinity Fc receptor for IgE (CD23) on both lymphocytes and monocytes. IL-4 positively regulates IL31RA expression in macrophages.