Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125) is a surface antigen associated with epithelial ovarian cancer. In serum, CA125 is associated with a high molecular weight glycoprotein. Published studies have indicated that elevated serum CA125 levels can be found in individuals with serious endometroid, clear-cell and undifferentiated ovarian carcinoma.
The serum CA125 is elevated in 1% of normal healthy women, 3% of normal healthy women with benign ovarian diseases, 6% of samples with non-neoplastic conditions (including but not limited to first trimester pregnancy, menstruation, endometriosis, uterine fibrosis, acute salphingitis, hepatic diseases and inflammation of peritoneum, pericardium or pleura). Serial determinations of serum CA125 as well as pelvic examination increase the test specificity. Serum CA125 concentration may be useful in monitoring treatment and distinguishing between good response to treatment and progressive malignant disease with poor therapeutic response. To date, CA125 is the most sensitive marker for residual epithelial ovarian cancer. CA125 may also be elevated in samples with lung, cervical, fallopian tube, and uterine cancer and endometriosis.
Enzyme Immunoassay for the QuantitativeDetermination of Ovarian Cancer Antigen CA125 in Human Serum
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