Breast cancer is the most common life-threatening malignant lesion in women of many developed countries today, with approximately 180,000 new cases diagnosed every year. There are a number of tumor markers that can help clinicians to identify which breast cancer samples will have aggressive disease and which will have an indolent course. These markers include estrogen and progesterone receptors, DNA ploidy and percent-S phase profile, epidermal growth factor receptor, HER-2/neu oncogene, p53 tumor suppressor gene, cathepsin D, proliferation markers and CA15-3. CA15-3 is most useful for monitoring samples post-operatively for recurrence, particularly metastatic diseases. 96% of samples with local and systemic recurrence have elevated CA15-3, which can be used to predict recurrence earlier than radiological and research criteria. A 25% increase in the serum CA15-3 is associated with progression of carcinoma. A 50% decrease in serum CA15-3 is associated with response to treatment. CA15-3 are more sensitive than CEA in early detection of breast cancer recurrence. In combination with CA125, CA15-3 has been shown to be useful in early detection of relapse of ovarian cancer. CA15-3 levels are also increased in colon, lung and hepatic tumors.
Enzyme Immunoassay for the Quantitative Determination of Breast Cancer Antigen CA15-3 in Human Serum
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